SOURCE PARAMETERS OF THE CANGWU M_S5.4 EARTHQUAKE, 31 JULY, 2016          下载免费PDF全文

ZHOU Yi  YAN Chun-heng  XIANG Wei  ZHOU Bin  WEN Xiang 《地震地质》2019,41(1):150-161

On July 31^st, 2016, an earthquake of M_S5.4 occurred in Cangwu County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which is the first M_S ≥ 5.0 earthquake in coastal areas of southern China in the past 17a. The moderate earthquake activities have come into a comparatively quiet period in coastal areas of southern China for decades, so the study about the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake is very important. However, differernt research institutions and scholars have got different results for the focal depth of the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake. For this reason, we further measured the focal depth by using CAP method and sPL phase method. sPL phase was first put forward by Chong in 2010. It is often observed between P and S wave of continental earthquakes with epicentral distance of about 30km to 50km. The energy of sPL phase is mainly concentrated on the radial component. Arrival time difference between sPL phase and direct P wave is insensitive to epicentral distancs, but increases almost linearly with the increase of focal depth. Based on these characteristics and advantages, sPL phase method is chosen to measure the focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake in the paper. First of all, we selected the broadband waveform data through seismic stations distributed mainly in Guangxi and adjacent provinces from Data Management Centre of China National Seismic Network and Guangxi Earthquake Networks Center. And an appropriate velocity model of Cangwu area was constructed by the teleseismic receiver function method. Then, the focal mechanism and focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake were determined by using the CAP(Cut and Paste)method. Next, we compared the synthetic waveforms simulated by F-K forward method of different focal depth models with the actual observed waveforms. According to the difference of arrival times between sPL and Pg phases, we finally obtained the focal depth of Cangwu earthquake. The results show that the focal depth is 11km measured by CAP method and 9km by sPL phase method. Based on the focal mechanism solution, isoseismal shapes, aftershocks distributions and investigation on spot, we conclude that the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake is a left-lateral strike-slip earthquake which occurred in the upper crust. Our preliminary analysis considers that the seismogenic structure of Cangwu earthquake is a north-northwest branch fault, and the control fault of this earthquake is the Hejie-Xiaying Fault.  相似文献   

RELOCATION OF THE 23 NOVEMBER 2017 WULONG M_S5.0 EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE AND ANALYSIS OF ITS SEISMOGENIC FAULT          下载免费PDF全文

LI Cui-ping  TANG Mao-yun  GUO Wei-ying  HUANG Shi-yuan  WANG Xiao-long  GAO Jian 《地震地质》2019,41(3):603-618

The Wulong M_S5.0 earthquake on 23 November 2017, located in the Wolong sap between Wenfu, Furong and Mawu faults, is the biggest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the southeastern Chongqing. It occurred unexpectedly in a weak earthquake background with no knowledge of dramatically active faults. The complete earthquake sequences offered a significant source information example for focal mechanism solution, seismotectonics and seismogenic mechanism, which is helpful for the estimation of potential seismic sources and level of the future seismic risk in the region. In this study, we firstly calculated the focal mechanism solutions of the main shock using CAP waveform inversion method and then relocated the main shock and aftershocks by the method of double-difference algorithm. Secondly, we determined the seismogenic fault responsible for the M_S5.0 Wulong earthquake based on these calculated results. Finally, we explored the seismogenic mechanism of the Wulong earthquake and future potential seismic risk level of the region. The results show the parameters of the focal mechanism solution, which are:strike24°, dip 16°, and rake -108° for the nodal plane Ⅰ, and strike223°, dip 75°, and rake -85° for the nodal plane Ⅱ. The calculations are supported by the results of different agencies and other methods. Additionally, the relocated results show that the Wulong M_S5.0 earthquake sequence is within a rectangular strip with 4.7km in length and 2.4km in width, which is approximately consistent with the scales by empirical relationship of Wells and Coppersmith(1994). Most of the relocated aftershocks are distributed in the southwest of the mainshock. The NW-SE cross sections show that the predominant focal depth is 5~8km. The earthquake sequences suggest the occurrence features of the fault that dips northwest with dip angle of 63° by the least square method, which is largely consistent with nodal planeⅡof the focal mechanism solution. Coincidentally, the field outcrop survey results show that the Wenfu Fault is a normal fault striking southwest and dipping 60°~73° by previous studies. According to the above data, we infer that the Wenfu Fault is the seismogenic structure responsible for Wulong M_S5.0 earthquake. We also propose two preliminary genetic mechanisms of "local stress adjustment" and "fluid activation effect". The "local stress adjustment" model is that several strong earthquakes in Sichuan, such as M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, M7.0 Luzhou earthquake and M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, have changed the stress regime of the eastern margin of the Sichuan Basin by stress transference. Within the changed stress regime, a minor local stress adjustment has the possibility of making a notable earthquake event. In contract, the "fluid activation effect" model is mainly supported by the three evidences as follows:1)the maximum principle stress axial azimuth is against the regional stress field, which reflects NWW-SEE direction thrusting type; 2)the Wujiang River crosscuts the pre-existing Wenfu normal fault and offers the fluid source; and 3)fractures along the Wenfu Fault formed by karst dissolution offer the important fluid flow channels.  相似文献   

An iterative technique to delineate protection buffers for wetlands in regions subject to intensive groundwater pumping     

H.F. Aristizábal 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(8):885-899

Wetlands are vulnerable to groundwater extraction, which has proven detrimental to aquatic ecosystems around the planet. As wetlands rank among the world’s most endangered ecosystems, versatile strategies are required to protect them. This paper provides a modelling-based method to delineate protection buffers in wetlands subject to groundwater extraction. The technique is sufficiently flexible to cater to a wide variety of conditions, and simple enough to underpin management decisions on a daily basis. A numerical model is used to obtain a map of the critical rate of groundwater abstraction, based on the distance between wetlands and suitable discharge thresholds. The outcomes determine the allowed pumping rate at any point under steady and transient-state conditions. A new iteration is developed every time a new pumping allowance is made. This procedure is demonstrated by means of hypothetical scenarios, as well as by a case study application in the Valle del Cauca region, Colombia.  相似文献   

A Preliminary Analysis of the Seismogenic Structure of the Akto MS6.7 Earthquake Sequence on November 25, 2016     

LIANG Shanshan  XU Zhiguo  CHEN Hongfeng  ZOU Liye  LIU Jingguang 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):418-430

In this study,data from the Xinjiang regional network and IRIS shared global stations are used to relocate the Akto M_S6. 7 earthquake sequence on November 25,2016 by using double difference location method. Three earthquakes of M_S4. 8,M_S6. 7 and M_S5. 0 are inverted by using the g CAP method,and the focal mechanism solutions are obtained.According to the results of relocating,the location of the main shock is 39. 22°N,73. 98°E,the distribution of the earthquake sequence is about 70 km in length,and the focal depth is mainly within the range of 5-20 km. The plane and depth profiles of the earthquake sequence show that aftershocks extended in SEE direction after the main shock and the dip angle of fault plane is steep. Focal mechanism results show that the three earthquakes are characterized by strike-slip movement. Based on the results of field geological investigation,it is inferred that the seismogenic fault of the Akto earthquake is Muji fault,which is located at the northernmost end of the Kongur extensional system.The possible cause of this earthquake is that the Indian Plate continues to push northward,and during this compression process,the Indian Plate is affected by the clockwise rotation of the Tarim basin,which causes the accumulation of right-lateral action of the Muji fault,resulting in this earthquake.  相似文献   

基于三维应变格林函数反演中小震震源机制          下载免费PDF全文

周立  林强  范涛 《地震工程学报》2019,41(6):1553-1559

随着复杂速度结构反演的发展和高性能计算能力的提升,基于高精度3D介质模型计算格林函数反演震源机制更具可行性。中小地震因具有更好的覆盖和近似点源效应,在区域结构成像中有着广泛的应用。基于波形类的反演方法如波动方程层析成像\,全波形反演都需要震源机制解,而传统的震源机制反演方法不能很好地应用于中小地震。采用有限差分法构建应变格林张量(Strain Green Tensor,SGT)数据库,将合成波形和实际波形按震相截窗并滤波到不同的频带范围,先通过最小化互相关走时差来进行震源重定位,再通过最小化波形残差反演震源机制。通过合成数据测试验证方法的正确性,随后将该方法应用于青藏高原东部边缘龙门山地区,反演一系列M_W3.4～5.7的中小地震震源机制。由于应变格林张量数据库可预先构建,该方法可以应用于(近)实时震源机制解反演。  相似文献   

秦岭—大别东段应力状态研究     

倪红玉  刘泽民  洪德全  赵朋  汪小厉 《地震》2019,39(3):138-148

本文首先通过Snoke发展的利用P波、 SV波和SH波的初动和振幅比方法计算秦岭—大别东段2008年以来83次M_L≥2.5地震的震源机制解, 然后通过FMSI方法反演得到平均应力场的方向特征: 近东西向的水平挤压和近南北向的水平拉张作用, 与参数统计结果一致; 进而通过震源机制的一致性参数分析应力场方向的变化信息。 分析表明震源机制解呈现了由变化紊乱、 偏离平均应力场到变化一致、 趋于平均应力场再到变化紊乱、 偏离平均应力场的变化过程, 在显著地震前, 研究区整体的震源机制一致性参数处于持续低值状态; 计算了2008年以来93次M_L≥2.5地震的视应力, 拟合视应力与震级的关系, 分析扣除震级影响的差视应力随时间变化特征, 近似反映研究区应力大小的变化。 分析表明显著地震前研究区的差视应力值呈现出明显的先上升后下降的变化过程, 在下降过程中发生地震; 最后利用震源机制一致性参数和差视应力综合分析研究区的应力状态, 均表明显著地震前震源区的构造应力场增强。 目前研究区的震源机制一致性参数较高、 差视应力较低, 研究区的应力水平较低。  相似文献   

南北地震带地震震源机制解和现今应力特征     

崔子健  陈章立  王勤彩  李君 《地震》2019,39(1):1-10

基于CAP方法, 使用地震波形资料, 计算得到了2009年1月~2017年8月期间南北地震带及周边区域466个3.5级以上地震震源机制解。 在补充收集1976年1月~2017年8月GCMT公布的259个4.5级以上地震震源机制解的基础上, 分析了南北地震带地震震源机制解和应力特征。 震源机制空间分布显示, 不同断裂带、 块体间表现出不同的震源机制空间分布特征, 该特征与南北地震带不同段落活动构造性质基本吻合。 作为青藏高原东边界的南北地震带, 由于动力环境复杂, 其内部P轴方向具有明显的差异性。 这种差异主要表现为: 南北地震带北段P轴呈NE向分布; 龙门山断裂带及周边除NE段P轴取向为NW—NNW向外, 其他地段P轴近EW向; 川滇菱形块体内部P轴呈NNW向, 而其西边界以西呈NNE向, 东边界以东呈NW向, 应力方向转换带的与川滇菱形块体边界基本一致。 整体而言, 南北地震带及近邻P轴方向由北到南发生了顺时针转动。  相似文献   

2015年四川乐山金口河M5.0地震孕震构造条件分析     

宫悦  龙锋  梁明剑  易桂喜  王宇玺  格桑扎西 《中国地震》2019,35(3):445-454

2015年1月14日乐山金口河M5.0地震发生在历史地震强度较低的川南山区与四川盆地交界一带。基于四川区域地震台网的震相报告与波形资料，采用双差定位法对地震序列进行重新定位，同时，采用CAP波形反演方法及HASH方法反演了主震及序列中8次M_L≥2.0地震的震源机制解。另外，利用Coulomb3计算了主震发生后库仑应力改变量，得到的结果如下：①重新定位结果显示，金口河M5.0地震位于（103.18°E，29.32°N），震源深度16.6km，略深于波形反演结果（12km）。序列分布在NNW向天全-荥经断裂和NE向西河-美姑断裂的交汇部位，余震序列在空间上呈NE向展布。②M5.0主震的机制解为节面Ⅰ：走向350°/倾角46°/滑动角107°，节面Ⅱ：走向146°/倾角47°/滑动角73°，表现为走向NW（NNW）、中等倾角的逆冲型运动方式。序列中其余8次M_L≥2.0余震大多以走向NE的逆冲型地震为主，个别为走滑或正断层类型。主震和大部分余震的节面方向不一致，主震节面方向与余震长轴方向也不一致。③主震后库仑应力改变量显示，余震主要发生在主震引起的库仑破裂应力增加的区域。综合分析推测，NNW向天全-荥经断裂为本次地震主震的发震构造，倾向NE的机制解节面Ⅰ指出了该断裂的几何产状；M5.0主震发生后，立即触发了其旁侧的NE向西河-美姑断裂，并激发了多次余震。  相似文献   

京西北地区地应变观测与小震震源机制解一致性研究     

茅远哲  曹筠  高晨  冯向东  王晓山 《中国地震》2019,35(4):709-717

以京西北地区作为研究区域，采用应变参数方法解算定点地应变观测数据，将所得应变参数时间序列作为研究对象，利用该结果与研究区内同期小震震源机制解进行一致性分析，研究得出呈拉张性质的定点观测最大主应变方位与震源机制解最大拉张变形方向（T轴）水平投影具有良好的对应性，整体以NNW—NE向为主，且自西向东排布的测点最大主应变方位与震源机制解最大拉张变形方向均表现为逐渐东向偏移的趋势，与华北平原块体北部发生顺时针旋转活动的特征相吻合，结果进一步检验了地应变观测反映区域应变场信息的能力。  相似文献   

华北—东北地区震磁异常与日本强震对应关系     

孙澎涛  任俊峰  焦成丽  孙贵成  张玉林 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,40(2):45-51

选取2009—2014年华北—东北地区发生的12次中等地震,对该区8个地磁台站记录的地磁Z分量日变幅进行小波分析及合成计算,与日本海沟同期发生的12次M≥6.5强震进行关联性分析,发现日本强震对中国华北—东北地区中等地震活动具有连带作用,表现在:(1)日本强震发生前后,华北或东北地区均有M 4—5地震出现,频次一般为1—3,间隔几天至5个月左右;(2) 2011年3月10日日本M 9.1地震后,华北、东北地区中等地震震级有所升高,其中东北地区由M 4升至M 5,距日本最近的中俄交界甚至出现M 6.1地震,华北地区唐山老震区出现1次M 4.8地震,震级接近5;(3)每次日本强震出现后几天至2个月内,8个地磁台地磁Z分量小波细节6阶合成曲线值均出现2—6个月高值异常,但幅度大小与强震震级无明显规律可循,而华北或东北地区中等地震一般在异常高值出现前后低值附近发生。  相似文献